Sundress Reads: Review of Loss and Its Antonym

Sundress Reads black-and-white logo with a sheep sitting on a stool next to the words "Sundress Reads." The sheep is wearing glasses and holding a cup filled with a hot drink in one hoof and holding an open book in the other.
A body of water with logs sticking out of the water. There is a distant boat. The whole background is blue and grey. "Loss and Its Antonym," "Alison Prine," and "Sappho's Prize in Poetry" are typed at the bottom right hand corner of the cover.

Alison Prine’s latest poetry collection, Loss and Its Antonym (Headmistress Press, 2024), adeptly explores themes of grief, time, and sexuality with extreme precision through an autobiographical lens. Winner of the Sappho’s Prize of Poetry in 2024, this collection synthesizes Prine’s experiences of grief with those of coming into her sexuality in a way that lends space to the natural world, as well. Loss and Its Antonum provides a gateway into the past and navigates the complex webbing that surrounds grief and all its antonyms.  

The speaker’s own experience being gay dynamically provokes the conversation of grief towards one of healing. With multiple narratives occurring simulaneouly—the speaker’s relationship with her wife, the grief of her mother’s death and brother’s suicide, and the processing of her father’s mother’s death—readers glimpse Prine’s powerful journey through her sexuality alongside her grief. It is in these ways that the enigma of grief reaches a compelling climax in Prine’s latest poems.

Prine’s latest poems are unmistakably brave and bold. Her titles alone showcase a great deal of vulnerability and a commitment to storytelling: “Lesbian Child,” “Mother Who Never Grew Old,” “Bomb Drills of Childhood.” Prine’s life is wide-open for readers to peer in and learn from, the many ways grief can impact us on full display. Grief is also intimately connected to the speaker’s relationship with her sister in Prine’s newest collection. The carefully curated order of these poems traverse through girlhood to womanhood, offering a quiet celebration of sisterhood.  

Told in four subsections, Prine’s poems are each distinct in voice, though some converse with one another. For example, in the latter half of the collection, there are five poems each titled “Letter to Time.” These poems hold the crux of Prine’s study on grief, one that reveals time as a key component to healing and moving forward. Prine delicately plays with and pushes the boundaries of time in Loss and Its Antonym by utilizing complex metaphors on time. Some of the more striking of these metaphors, with time as the tenor, are “Time swings around like a shadow” from “To My Brother on the Anniversary of His Suicide” (33), “Can you see how time is tearing through me like a storm” from “Carry” (40), and “Time grows between us / with a mechanical agency” from “To My younger Self” (42). Prine’s verbiage is potent in these metaphors as she nearly personifies time, making it one of the most important features in the collection. Time continues to appear throughout the collection, a motif that reflects moments of the speaker’s past.

While there are many poems to celebrate among this gripping collection, such as “Strayed” (3), “Close” (39), “Yahrzeit” (42) and “The Good Summer” (58), one in particular stood out to me: a pantoum titled “Mabel.” The decision to use the pantoum format, one in which the second and fourth lines of a stanza are repeated as the first and third of the preceding stanza, allows this poem to transcend. Here, lines “her face stiff as a cupboard” and “her hands blue with stillness” are among the many repeating refrains (32). This poem illustrates the speaker’s father’s relationship with his mother and her death. Prine is not only concerned with her grief, but of her fathers’, making it a multigenerational matter. The repetitive nature of grief, and its boomerang tendencies, are characteristics of grief that Prine hones in on, making the use of a pantoum format wildly satisfying. Repetition emerges as one of the modes grief operates alongside. This purposeful form selection remains one of my favorite hidden nuggets in the collection.

Nature is yet another agent in Prine’s work that distinctly comments on grief in nuanced, less tangible ways. Nature is robustly described, as Prine gives us clues and emblems to hold on to as she discovers true grief. From rabbits, wasps, woodpeckers, and dogs, to a “carpet of flowers”, Prine’s impressive vocabulary of the natural world is an anchor in this collection, a point of grounding for readers to rest upon (20). The uniquely lyrical nature imagery in the collection allows grief to not only pass through the speaker, but rather, float, reflect and breath through us. Though lyrical and whimsical, Prine’s nature imagery isn’t just aesthetic, but works to create a melancholic, pensive mood: “the milky dark of the night sky hanging close” (37). 

The fourth sub–section of the collection guides readers into hope and the ways one can move forward when enduring grief. Reaching its zenith in the titular poem, grief is never more tender as it is in this poem:

“That winter we proved that being terrified

doesn’t prevent you from being happy—

”I want to learn to write about the loves

that haven’t died.” (51)

By the end of the collection a deep sense of truth is established with the reader and the speaker, one that opens up a channel for the healing and processing that grief may require. One that mourns while still hopeful for the future.

Devoted to kinship, memory, and empowering one’s embodiment and sexuality, Loss and Its Antonym speaks on grief’s fluency in new and original ways. It will leave you speechless and wanting to share it with those you love who have gone through similar experiences. Containing vivid sensory experiences, indulging in the sounds we remember people by, the tastes that linger, and the smells that pair themselves with grief, Prine’s poetry glimmers in an otherwise melancholic literary space. You will leave this collection with a heavy heart and a compassionate soul, maybe one that will attempt navigating time without the ones we love just a little more easily.

Loss and Its Antonym is available from Headmistress Press


Emma Goss (she/her/hers) is a senior English major with minors in Film and Linguistic Anthropology. A passionate reader, she prefers to always be juggling a poetry collection, a literary fiction novel, and an audiobook. Emma is especially drawn to poetry rooted in nature symbolism and metaphor. Some of her favorite collections include The Tradition by Jericho Brown, War of the Foxes by Richard Siken, What the Living Do by Marie Howe, and Jane: A Murder by Maggie Nelson. Her poetry has been published in Pangyrus Magazine and by the Princeton Leonard L. Milberg ’53 Poetry Contest. Originally from Los Angeles, she spends her time hiking local trails or browsing the poetry shelves at Barnes & Noble Studio City when not at Vassar.

Sundress Reads: Review of Gastromythology

Sundress Reads logo with sheep reading a book
Gastromythology book cover, collage style with lots of bright reds, greens, and a woman in the middle who is in black and white.

Jessica Manack’s Gastromythology (Sheila-Na-Gig Editions, 2024) is an astonishing debut that redefines hunger and girlhood. Each of this poetry collection’s three sections has a theme: being fed, resistance, and becoming nourishment. Throughout, Manack discusses many adversities women face in day-to-day life, like food, motherhood, and professional careers, in beautiful metaphors and intricate punctuation usage.

Gastromythology immediately drew me in with its world-building. “Archaeology” explores nostalgia and food, examining how the senses contribute to memories and how we recall our childhood. Reading “Archaeology” feels like getting a whiff of something sweet in the air, reminding me of a random day in my life ten years ago. There’s a secrecy in this poem, one that intrigues the reader and draws them into the story. I want to know the secrets being burned in this garbage fire Manack describes. This make me question the truth in memory—if no one else remembers, what is stopping one from creating a false memory? What we remember, the smells, tastes, feelings, are what create our memories, become the artifacts that create the stories we call ours. “Archaeology” is a skillful poem that joins the reader and speaker in an intimate setting, as if sitting by a campfire and sharing ghost stories. Perhaps, these ghost stories are stories of our past selves, and create who we currently are.

“Perilous Figures” is feminist in nature, exclaiming what girls are instead of what girls aren’t. The metaphors used throughout this poem are beautiful and at times, dangerous. One of these metaphors I adore reads:

“At once girls are saints and hurricanes:

performing miracles, feeding two thousand

with one loaf, turning disgust to combustion,

moving steadily, messes of blurry lines, and aerobic activity.

Deeming their silhouettes happy accidents,

not carefully crafted works of art and violence.” (Manack 21)

This strikes me as powerful: the idea that a girl can be simultaneously destructive and nourishing is interesting, as there’s an incredible amount of stigma surrounding young girls being dramatic. Manack reconstructs what girls may see in themselves, not only in a reflection but in the construction of their future. If someone had told me as a young girl that I was a “smoking motor” (Manack 21), perhaps I would’ve been more eager to pursue my interests, an education, and things that aren’t “feminine.”

“Dad Visits Me at College” is incredibly ironic for me to read. On my 21st birthday, my dad visited me at college with “pants [were] ripped / down the ass crack / with nothing underneath” (Manack 27). It was a case of unfortunate timing for my father to show up with a six-inch rip in the backside of his pants, not because he had been drinking like the figure in Manack’s poem. I  this poem to my dad for him to read, because I can’t believe another person had experienced a situation like this, one where you had to become your parents’ parent and try to find a solution for a problem they caused. His embarrassment both humanized him and made me see the boy inside the man that is my father. “Dad Visits Me at College,” I feel, is the perfect ending to the first section, showing the tip of the iceberg when a girl realizes age doesn’t always equal wisdom. Sometimes, seeing your parents “fucked up” (Manack 27) makes us see that the people we’ve idolized or held to a high standard are also fragile humans who make mistakes.

Section II is what I like to imagine as a rejection of feeding. This section seems to have larger “bites” of words in the sizing of stanzas, a shift from some of the previous poems that flowed with brevity. For example, “Saffron” is constructed in two stanzas, both thick and meaty. I adore the sensory imagery in this piece, imagining “the jiggles of custard” (Manack 38) or peanut butter sticking to the roof of my mouth. This poem, in turn, stuck with me. This section is the denial of nourishment, but the speaker seems to struggle with feeling fulfilled, despite eating five times a day. Seeing how the speaker eats often, but is never full because of someone else’s broth of a personality, makes me wonder: at what point do relationships and friendships become a form of self-harm, due to their lack of nutrients?

Manack’s ability to verbalize how aging impacts confidence is inspiring here; Section III speaks to me as a section showing how women themselves become nourishment for others. “Breastfeeding at Forty” feels like coming to terms with aging. The variety of punctuation in this poem makes it such a pleasure to read. In one particularly inspiring line Manack writes, “I try to see my wealth and not my dearth” (47). Beyond the uniqueness of the word “dearth,” the vocal rhyme doesn’t exist, but the eye rhyme here indicates some sort of synonymity. This skillful wordplay found in Section III ties the collection to a close.

Gastromythology is applicable and relatable in many different ways. The personability Manack shows throughout the collection is admirable, and this debut ties together many themes of womanhood into one beautiful binding.

Gastromythology is available from Sheila-Na-Gig Editions


Caroline has blonde wavy hair and wears a white top. She looks off to the side and is lit by evening light.

Caroline Eliza is a poet and writer from Asheville, North Carolina, currently completing her degree in Writing, Literature, and Publishing at Emerson College with minors in Pre-Law and Poetry. Her creative and academic work explores the intersection of poetry and movement, often blurring the lines between the written word and physical expression. Her work can be found in The Poetry Lighthouse and Sundress Reads by Sundress Publications. Beyond the page, Caroline finds joy in crocheting and dancing, grounding her artistic life in tactile practices and performance. She will graduate in December 2025 and plans to further her education, continuing to explore the connections between art, advocacy, and embodiment.

Sundress Reads: Review of Nonbinary Bird of Paradise

Sundress Reads black-and-white logo with a sheep sitting on a stool next to the words "Sundress Reads." The sheep is wearing glasses and holding a cup filled with a hot drink in one hoof and holding an open book in the other.
There are plants and yellow flowers in the middle, covering a small nest filled with eggs. Three birds are in a fight with a big open-mouthed snake. The snake is seemingly about to attack one bird, while the second bird is at the top left hand corner and the third bird is behind the snake, its beak close to the snake's eye. The background is a rusty red brown color. "Nonbinary Bird of Paradise" is typed at the bottom of the cover with the author's name "Emilia Phillips" is in smaller font underneath the word "Paradise."

In Emilia Phillips’ Nonbinary Bird of Paradise (The University of Akron Press, 2024), God is many things: they are “a knot / that knows how to untie itself,” “the first/war,”  a “voyeur, who gave / [the speaker] dreams to cover the dark / valley of [their] loneliness / with wildflowering / mosquitoes” (19, 21, 6). Overflowing with references to their upbringing in the church, Phillips chronicles the manifestations of gods in their childhood, weaving their own queerness into retellings of stories from the Judeo-Christian and classical canon. Nonbinary Bird of Paradise is a reckoning with, and reclamation of, this volatile past–both their personal history, and a greater human mythology stained with misogyny, queer erasure, and a relentless centering of heterosexuality.

The collection begins with a Genesis-like series of poems titled “Queerness of Eve” divided into twelve ‘books’ (no accident, seeing as the Old Testament depicts the twelve sons of Jacob, the early patriarchs of the Bible). In “Book IV,” the speaker conjoins their own mythology with that of Eve, writing, “Woman always settled / on me like snow / on warm ground. Briefly” (Phillips 9).  Phillips’ Eve feels no closeness with God or Adam, but rather holds a litany of unanswered questions; they write,

 “I once

asked God the which

came first question

but he only answered

by taking

out his pencil

eraser to the concept

drawing. He was Adam’s

friend. Not mine.” (10)

Eve turns God’s own strategy against him to create a femme lover in “Book VI,” proclaiming, “God made man / in his own image, / so they say. / So I made a beloved / in mine” (Phillips 13).  The forbidden fruit for this Eve, then, is not fruit at all, but rather “peachflesh / muscled in [their] cage” (Phillips 18). After she and Adam are exiled from the Garden of Eden following God’s discovery of her creation, she divulges, “No one / can exile / me from / desire, not / even / desire” (Phillips 22). In moments like these, Eve carves out an identity for herself in the very spaces in which God and Adam seek to erase her, asking, “How do I make silence / my gender?” (Phillips 9). Throughout the loneliness and subjugation of the “Queerness of Eve,” Phillips skillfully imbues the speaker with quiet resilience; Eve repeatedly returns to her inner fortitude in the midst of punishment from male forces that attempt to control and subdue her. 

In the second part of Nonbinary Bird of Paradise, the reader is wrenched from this somber story of Eve’s exile and punishment for her defiance of God’s heteronormative hierarchies into the undeniable present; the two opening poems are about Wi-Fi and Google. The speaker still visits mythology, but from a distance; on a writer’s retreat, they sleep beneath a painting of the Rape of Io, a river god’s daughter who was raped by the Roman god Jupiter. This, again, interweaves with their own stories as they decide to leave their husband, telling the reader, “I called him to say / I was coming home / soon but not to / him” (Phillips 36).  Later in this section, after more contemporary poems that discuss french horns and butterfly houses, the speaker again inhabits a Biblical woman: the nameless wife of Noah, describing life before and after the flood (here, in a series of poems titled “Antediluvian,” “Diluvian,” “Covenant,” and “Postdiluvian”). Phillips again revisits the dismissal of female voices by Biblical giants; the speaker describes how she

“kept

begging Noah to build slower

much slower, to never

finish, to save the world

by never hammering

the last nail

into the ark. What

did I know,

he wondered

aloud. I was

just a vessel,

like the ship.” (57)

By comparing Noah’s wife to the “captive stock” of the ship (ibid.), and likening the ark to a body being lowered into a grave (58), Phillips forces the reader to consider the manipulation of female lives in service of male whims and dreams.

In its third and final act, Nonbinary Bird of Paradise transports the reader from queer mourning into full-throated queer reclamation. Where there were motifs of profound, ancestral loss learned across generations (alongside dry, self-aware humor: in “Queerness of Eve,” the speaker admits, “You probably guessed / I created the female orgasm / all by my lonesome” (Phillips 3). In this Part Three, we encounter story after story of triumphant and playful defiance. Mythology and literature become a vehicle by which our speaker finds empowerment, a lineage of resistance. In “Emilia, Widow to Iago,” Shakespeare’s Othello serves as a method for our speaker to “dodge the dagger,” faking their death in order to escape cleaning up a man’s mess and avoid being his “rag and mop” (Phillips 74). In the next poem, the speaker again reminisces on a self they’ve shed in the voice of the naiad Daphne, who transformed into a tree to escape the sexual advances of Apollo. Resolute even in a new form, Daphne implores the reader: 

“Women especially

hear me. If I had fallen with no one

around, I still would have

made a sound.” (Phillips 75)

The speaker embraces humor and sensuality as they do their queerness in Part Three as well,  savoring the sonics of the words “lesbian elephants” as they fantasize about draping their trunk over their lover’s shoulders “like a boa constrictor” (Phillips 84). Alongside other delights of Part Three, including a laugh-out-loud poem satirizing gender reveals (“We’re having a cigarette after sex! We’re having it! Like once or twice a week!” [Phillips 69]), the collection’s titular love poem also comes in this section. Phillips writes, “Would you stay/& watch me, even/though I have no blue velvet/skirt or ruby-raw/throat?” (63). The speaker imagines how they would woo their beloved as a bird-of-paradise, without the gendered anatomy to perform standard mating rituals.

In Nonbinary Bird of Paradise, Emilia Phillips critiques, mourns, and reinvents classical stories by giving female queer heroines a voice within their pages. These heroines search for Gods everywhere, and often are left wanting. But by the end of this collection, the speaker has identified a potent God to whom they can speak – that which exists in those they love. In the irreverently gorgeous “Artemis Wears A Strap-On”, they proclaim their worship for their lover: “What is godlike in you,/ I’ll godden” (Phillips 79). I have found much to godden in the vividly transporting pages of Phillips’ fifth collection, Nonbinary Bird of Paradise.

Nonbinary Bird of Paradise is available from the University of Akron Press


Catie Macauley (they/he/she) is a transmasculine aspiring poet living and working in Boston. They study Sociology, Environmental Studies, and English at Wellesley College, where they also compete on the Wellesley Whiptails frisbee team and perform with the Wellesley Shakespeare Society. A Best of the Net 2024 Nominee, his writing has appeared in brawl lit, The Wellesley News, and the Young Writer’s Project, among other publications. In their free time, Catie enjoys boxing, re-reading A Midsummer Night’s Dream, and buying far too many books at independent bookstores – primarily the Grolier Poetry Bookshop, where they are somehow lucky enough to work.

Sundress Reads: Review of unwordly

Sundress Reads logo, which shows a sheep reading, with glasses on and a book. Logo is black and white.
There is a seemingly red liquid in the shape of a circle in the center. There are oranges and greens mixed with the red. The bottom of the circle is submerged in an ocean blue liquid. The background itself is black. The title "unwordly" is at the top of the image and the author's name "Robert Guzikowski" is at the bottom in smaller font.

In the 90’s, Robert Guzikowski had a bout of encephalitis that caused aphasia, which is the inability to form and/or comprehend written or spoken words, or sometimes both. This is the subject of unwordly (Uncollected Press, 2024). In fact, the vast majority of poems are titled “Aphasia Poem,” followed by a number. Most of them have a structure: four tercets, followed by a (usually) rhyming couplet. The imposition of structure intentionally underscore its arbitrariness, especially in the face of aphasia.

The first section of the book, “Shape o With Asemic Writing,” contains only one poem, “Aphasia Poem o,” which displays a writer who is sharply attuned to their own work. It begins “I can not speak this tale / ever changing yet it’s the only / story I have” (Guzikowski 2). He’s told the book’s personal history in three lines. But this poem also contains hints of what is to come in the following pages. Guzikowski describes himself as

a mythic

creature here suddenly

in the now and in the abcanny

flesh evading every meaning. (2)

His mastery of the English language (though I’m sure he would insist there is no such thing) is such that he can create words: I take “abcanny” to be a mixture of uncanny and abject. The two words the perfect description for the way you feel about your own body when it has betrayed you, become strange to you; the fusion of the two words hints at the larger theme in the book of the malleability of language, the strangeness of it that can only be grasped by someone who has been estranged from it.

Guzikowski renders his experiences with aphasia offers moments of poetic beauty and wisdom; he does not romanticize. They are, first and foremost, painful. “Aphasia Poem 25” conveys this better than any other, representing aphasia, the struggle to form language, not so much a struggle of the mind, but one of the body:

morphemes in

semantic disarray identity

disintegrating as

droning pulsating medications

harvest central nervous system pain

confusion and chaos

from scatting and riffing syllables

rising out of the polyrhythmic

intermodal senses. (Guzikowski 35)

The lack of punctuation here adds tremendously to the rapid, almost frantic effect of the poem as he tries to make meaning again. And, as is typical of the collection, Guzikowski makes the most effective use possible of the words he chooses. The way the medications drone and pulsate as identity disintegrates create a scene that is truly nightmarish and disorienting. Here, the words “scatting” and “riffing” are divorced from their typically joyful, exploratory connotations (though he does make explicit reference to jazz giant Thelonious Monk later on) and instead become an act of desperation, a panicked attempt to make meaning—which, as the poem poignantly points out, is almost inextricable from a sense of identity.

The best moments of the book were those where Guzikowski draws connections between language, the body, nature, and the cosmos. In “Disabled Poem 4,” Guzikowski suggests that when human beings die they become a beam of light—not so much a transformation as a return to an original, ethereal form. He muses, with psychedelic wisdom: “the mimetic self / the full de-realized fully / depersonalized fully still a self” (Guzikowski 34). The standout poem of the collection, though, is “Aphasia Poem 13.” It is philosophical and paradoxical, concerned with creation and anti-theological, claiming

there was no beginning

first second day no fortnight kingfisher

resurrection…

                                       no

utterance shattering gravity.

yet somehow all speech is

monotonic incantation that

simultaneously creates and

reveals space gives name and

finite form to subjectivity. (Guzikowski 21)

He seems at the beginning to refute John 1:1: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and God was the Word.” But then he reckons with the fact that language does the work of creation, in that it does not just generate, but “reveals space”, i.e., gives things boundaries, limits, and thus, form. Maybe it doesn’t do this in a literal sense, at least in terms of the world, but when it comes to the self, language is the only way to make the self known, even to, well, yourself. I don’t remember when I last read anything with such profound metaphysical implications.

Reading the book was satisfying in a way that I find to be paradoxically invigorating, much like good exercise. But unwordly isn’t all chaotic, anti-grammatical grappling with the Big Questions. Moments of simple and often transcendent beauty are placed throughout. “Aphasia Poem 35” offers the former kind: “shifting shape to fairy-size / buddha finds repose / among mosses and twigs” (Guzikowski 18). It’s the simple conveyance of a scene, coming as a moment of rest. In a book bursting with existential insights and interplanetary ponderings, it’s almost healing to have the poet simply enjoy the beauty of what’s before him. And in a way, the ability to do that, to be truly present, is transcendent. “Aphasia Poem 24 (Disabled Poem 1)” a consummate example of Guzikowski’s ability to bed words and grammar to his poetic will, is a critique of people like me, who “aren’t / able enough to theorize silence(ness) / not (only) as metaphor or structure but / as identity” (31). Through silence, Guzikowski posits, we can “find common / home aloneness one humanity” (31).

Indeed, humanity itself, it seems, is just one of the subjects of this book. Others include, as has been alluded to, the infinite, jazz music, animisim. Towards the end of unwordly there are dazzling love poems in which Guzikowski looks at his wife and thinks “light / illuminates and revealed every / face of your face” (58). There is so much in here I didn’t get to tell you about; unwordly is one of those rare gems of a book whose virtues cannot be communicated; it has to be experienced. 

unwordly is available from Uncollected Press, as well as through through Bookshop, Barnes & Noble, Powell Books, or Amazon


Joseph Norris graduated with a BFA in Creative Writing from Emerson College in May of 2025. He has had short stories and poems published in Gauge magazine, Emerson Green Mag, and won the Humans of the World Summer Poetry Prize. He lives in Berkeley, California with his girlfriend Macie and their cat, Dory, and is learning how to play the guitar and the banjolin.

Sundress Reads: Review of Chaos Magic

Sundress Reads logo with a sheep sitting on a stool next to the words "Sundress Reads." The sheep is wearing glasses and holding a cup filled with a hot drink in one hoof and holding an open book in the other.
"Chaos Magic" cover. Displays "Chaos Magic" and "Jen Knox" in large, capitalized letters in light pink. The background is dark grey with two cartoon birds and vibrant leaves.

With the release of her second novel, Jen Knox breaks new ground with Chaos Magic (Kallisto Gaia Press, 2025), offering a refreshingly modern take on spirituality and magical realism. By striking a balance between serious topics and vibrant fantasy, this novel explores themes like domestic violence, female friendship, and learning to trust your intuition.

The novel begins by introducing us to Lissa, a woman who has struggled at the hands of her abusive husband and seeks refuge at The Lavender Center, a holistic haven for victims of domestic violence and sex trafficking. “Lissa had always been a dreamy girl, like her father, so it wasn’t a surprise she wanted to come to a place like this that promised a bit of magic to heal…” (Knox 17), says Lissa’s mother, Pauline, a retired psychologist and eternal skeptic. While Pauline is immediately wary of the center and the mystical, white-haired women who run it, the center offers healing techniques from yoga to deep meditation. And unbeknownst to others, the owners, Doreen and Glenda, are also practicing witches. It is here that Lissa meets her new roommate, Annika, a victim of domestic violence and also a self-proclaimed witch, one who is looking to start her own coven. Told through omniscient narration, the story unfolds through chapters with alternating perspectives, and we fluctuate between dreamlike introspection and typical narrative. We gain insight into Lissa’s anxious mind, Pauline’s cynicism, the warped thinking of Trent, Lissa’s ex-husband, and the lengths Annika will go to protect her friend.

After months of practicing and learning from Annika and other witches, Lissa discovers how to harness the spiritual powers that have always been inside her, enabling her to serve as a medium and communicate with the dead. Knox paints vivid scenes of late nights honing their skills around a roaring campfire and sharing cups of cinnamon-infused mead. Knox describes when one of those nights in the woods when she says, “The soft rain had ceased, and now only a gentle wind nudged the fire. Each element was with them, inside them” (Knox 29).

After leaving The Lavender Center, Lissa and Annika decide to open a metaphysical shop called The Spirit House, where they sell crystals, perform tarot card readings, and practice spiritual healing for the community. But soon after opening, Lissa learns news that leads her to pursue the dangerous magic that Annika has warned her against. Knox writes,

“True magic, to Annika, wasn’t ever about revenge. An autodidact at heart, she’d studied enough to know that the most powerful magic came from a place of personal connection, not external destruction. To manipulate another person’s energy was to feed it, in one way or another.” (Knox 24)

Following Lissa’s fatal mistake, it is the power of her strong female friendships that must find a way to keep her afloat through her darkest times.

Through its layered narrative, Chaos Magic brings a new perspective to this genre. While we tend to turn to books to escape the woes of our everyday world, stories centered heavily on witchcraft and spellbinding can sometimes feel so deeply detached from reality that they become difficult to relate to. Knox, however, accomplishes this difficult feat. She finds a way to seamlessly blend practical occult practices with grounded storytelling, so readers can find Lissa’s journey relatable and honest, yet enchanting.

And it is not only the plot and characters that draw the reader in. The physical descriptions throughout the novel place us so distinctly in the scene that we have no choice but to be enveloped by the chaos. Knox describes The Spirit House: “Lissa paused by the display cases filled with handmade jewelry, athames, spell kits, and a variety of collectible esoteric books, noticing that the trash cans hadn’t been emptied, and a kombucha bottle had been left near the register.” (Knox 46). This illustration of the shop makes you want to bask in the glow of a lavender candle as you wander the store with a warm cup of tea.

We also gain insight into the visceral fear that overcomes Lissa after hearing the lifechanging news, as Knox writes, “[Lissa] remembered the feeling of his rough hands releasing her throat when Annika and Glenda burst into the room that day. She remembered closing her eyes as her breath and energy thinned, melting underneath his grip, as she recited a mantra no one taught her. One she’d thought had come true. I wish I could start over” (Knox 90). It is the presence and description of these moments that determine the power of this book. It is also this combination of coziness and intense paranormal fiction that makes this novel reminiscent of Practical Magic, a conclusion drawn by many readers.

Chaos Magic is not just for those looking for a story with the perfect mix of magical and rational. But it’s also for readers who resonate with stories of emotional honesty, learning how to lean on female companionship, and discovering how to come back stronger after trauma.

Chaos Magic is available from Kallisto Gaia Press


White woman smiles at camera in selfie format. She has brown hair and is wearing a blue denim dress.

Elizabeth “Lizzy” DiGrande is a graduate student in Emerson College’s Publishing and Writing program, where she also serves as a Transformational Leaders Fellow and Writing Assistant for the Emerson Grad Life Blog. She is on the board of the Women’s National Book Association, Boston chapter, and is passionate about amplifying women’s voices in publishing. Originally from New Jersey, she now resides in Boston and can often be found perusing the city’s public libraries or exploring new restaurants. She hopes to build a career as both a food writer and literary agent championing female-identifying authors.

Sundress Reads: Review of small earthly space

Sundress Reads logo, which shows a sheep reading, with glasses on and a book. Logo is black and white.
small earthly space book cover, which shows a red poppy blossom with a starry sky in the background

With an intriguing curlew bird guiding the reader on a journey of metaphysical thoughts and poppies dancing us from page to page, small earthly space (Shanti Arts Publishing, 2025) by Marjorie Maddox is an enchanting collection of poems that mix the everyday with the spiritual and preternatural. Part nature writing and part musing on the human experience, this book will cause you to pause and reflect, both to appreciate the grandeur of the prose and to enjoy being struck by the meanings. Unique artworks by Karen Elias are perfectly paired with each poem, and I would personally love several of them displayed on my wall next to their inspirations.

Divided into five parts, small earthly space begins with an introduction to the messenger—the curlew—who has some saintly connections it forages for, when not burrowing deep for its own sustenance. “How far down would you go for wisdom?” (Maddox 23) we are asked, while the curlew takes us to the depths of the ocean before showing us the fine line that separates heaven from earth above. At times, the poetry has a mysterious vibe, and at other times, a more worldly one. The curlew sketches the spiritual for us, after which “another Babel [is] reconstructed in our own image” (Maddox 24) and we enter the human-focused world.

Part II brings us sharply to poetry about the everyday: about a mother sitting quietly, about a home, and about eating blueberry pie at a cemetery. We’re walked through a junkyard and deathbed before getting to rejoin nature with a gentle poem of clouds and dandelions. After the more transcendental topics of Part I, Part II feels like we’ve landed on the ground, and are walking around observing everyday life from within rather than soaring around it. Part III contains a few poems about an intense wildfire that happened in the town of Curlew, Washington. We meet our curlew bird again, this time as a witness to the destruction from the wildfire. Topics of devastation and danger feature in this section, along with some environmental poetry about endangered species, including humans. Our curlew witness calls out into the loneliness of the wildfire-ravaged ecosystem and gets no response. Maddox helps the reader experience the loneliness of the burned landscape before we’re whisked away to Part IV and a more stellar atmosphere.

A curlew bird is bending down, examining a bright red poppy it has just discovered. The ground is grey and seems desolate, as if it might be on the moon or an alien planet. In the background is a starry sky with a purple nebula and a crescent moon or planet.
Curlew of the New Moon Discovers a Poppy

My favorite poem from this collection opens Part IV: “Curlew of the New Moon Discovers a Poppy.” The curlew remembers the beauty of the poppies before the destruction and

  “un-buries instead the curved
  brilliance of joy, hallucinates
  a happiness addictive enough
  to be real.” (Maddox 76)

The reader feels wonder and awe again, at the beauty Earth offers us. We then sail through a set of poppy-themed poems, each lovely and paired with a custom artwork, as seen in the accompanying image here by Elias. As a fan of nature poetry, I love seeing this themed section. We read of a poppy’s connection with a cedar tree and glimpse the poppy’s personality (sometimes shy, sometimes bold), which introduces us to the last part of this book called “Bloom.”

Most of the pieces in this book fit on one page or two opposing pages, but two pieces are longer: “Made to Scale” and “Hues of the Hollyhock.” “Made to Scale” treats us to a more extensive writing about beginnings and endings and opportunities. In a forest of possibilities, everything depends on your own views and actions. Maddox repeats the following idea in multiple ways throughout the poem: “It is only a door if you enter or leave” (Maddox 47). After all, if you don’t use it, what may be a door might as well be a stone wall.

The second long poem of the book opens Part V, meditating on the many “Hues of the Hollyhock.” Unlike what you might expect, only one featured hue is a pink. We see a ghostbloom, blood flowers, and black hollyhocks, all written about with dark words and topics. An excerpt from “Hues of the Hollyhock”:

  “O ghost
    of Seasons Past, if these shadows

  remain unaltered by the Future …,
    will only black smoke and drab ash,
  ubiquitous soot and too-late regret
    populate our abandoned gardens?” (Maddox 90)

The poem ebbs and subsides with a light show in a kimono blossom brightening our senses before transitioning to a quiet amber calm, then, a final splash of rainbow color.

Most of the writing in this collection treats the prosaic with elegance. Maddox infuses her style into each poem, whether the theme is nature or more Gothic like death and destruction. The book touches the spiritual while keeping us grounded with bold visuals, traveling through both the unknown as well as the “imaginative and geographical locations we call home” (Maddox 17).

small earthly space has broad appeal, and I recommend it for most adult readers, for both casual or thought-provoking reading. This collection can be enjoyed both in public or private, but is best read somewhere where you have space for peaceful contemplation. Your own backyard or a public garden or park would be ideal. I would also like to recommend the following tea pairing Bird Nerd Birdwatching Tea. This tea combines the familiar into a unique blend that will both sooth and gently stimulate your senses, enriching your similar reading experience of small earthly space.

small earthly space is available from Shanti Arts Publishing


Ana Mourant sitting on grass reading a book. She has light skin and blonde hair, has a sunflower in her hair, and is wearing a green sundress.

Ana Mourant (she/her) is an editorial intern for Sundress Publications and a recent graduate of the University of Washington’s editing program. She holds a Certificate in Editing as well as a Certificate in Storytelling and Content Strategy, and a BA in English Language and Literature, with a minor in Professional Writing. Ana conducts manuscript evaluations, edits, and proofreads, as well as provides authenticity and sensitivity readings for Indigenous Peoples content. Ana loves nature writing and Indigenous cultures, and, when she’s not working, is often out in the wilderness tracking animals, Nordic skiing, or just enjoying nature.

Sundress Reads: Review of Corazón Coalesced

Sundress Reads black-and-white logo with a sheep sitting on a stool next to the words "Sundress Reads." The sheep is wearing glasses and holding a cup filled with a hot drink in one hoof and holding an open book in the other.
Body parts and internal organs are scattered along the green page of the cover. The hands are gloved in blue latex gloves. "Corazón Coalesced" is at the top and the author's name "Alexis Jaimes" is at the bottom of the cover.

Corazón Coalesced (Bottlecap Press, 2025), Alexis Jaimes’s debut chapbook, is abounding with themes of adolescence and maturity, examination of self and society, radiating a stubborn and passionate love and lust. Full of enjambments and metaphors, Jaimes’s poetry is both appealing to the eye and the creative mind. With the use of unconventional punctuation paired with accessible yet intricate metaphors, Jaimes caters to a broad array of readers. Corazón Coalesced is rich with Mexican immigrant cultural references and vernacular, nostalgic familial lessons, and the complexities of relationships and attraction.

The opening poem floats in the middle of an expanse of white, and assembles its 4 stanzas into the form of a person with a hourglass figure in a tutu. The title, “Home,” acts as the person’s head, while their feet are composed of the words, “He did”(Jaimes 1). In between, Jaimes paints a picture of Tortilla chips, the brown faces of his parents who “carried me once” (1). “Round a square table,” Jaimes details his mother, sister and brother, with his father as the focal point of the poem “boasting he never missed them too much”(1). This is an early seed planted informing the reader of Jaimes’s father’s lack of time spent in the household. 

This seed sprouts in “The Poem Against Banda” when it is revealed to readers that “papi spent entire nights face down toilet bowls or utility buckets” (Jaimes 12). After reading this poem, I learned that Banda is a type of Mexican music featuring brass instruments and a strong beat driving the song and eliciting the need to dance! This poem out loud possesses a natural rhythm and lyrical quality that match this musical genre. After listening, I thought this music was quite cheery, but upon reaching the end of the poem it was clear this uplifting music represents the opposite for Jaimes when he details that “it’s not music it is manipulation” (12). This poem makes the link clear between music and its ability to trigger memories. Jaimes reveals themes that haunted him through his childhood, like an “alcoholic father & enabling mother” (12). This poem reflects how the familial lack of trust for his father spiked after affairs, violence, and hiding true identities. Additionally, this poem outlines how the American dream can feel unattainable and unglorious in practice. 

My favorite poem in this chapbook is “Finding out they were the one.” It illustrates two people in a relationship whose lives are growing to fit one another, matching each other’s routines, and becoming more comfortable with one another. Jaimes writes, 

“place their shoes next to mine but it was when they would read a story near the window while I sat in bed sipping coffee— sharing the static silence— that I realized it.” (5)

This poem ends on a cliffhanger like many relationships do. This poem was personal for me because of my sweet girlfriend, and caused me to reflect and appreciate how much work we have done to make our lives do exactly what the poem depicts.

After the section of lustful poems, this chapbook moves onto themes of direct oppression. Three stand out in particular, the first being, “finding freedom from your abusers is not cowardness.” This poem has the potential to affirm an abundance of people globally who experience varying forms of oppression. The last lines of the poem encapsulate exactly why:

“i will live & that’s my greatest revenge 

my joy will strangle all of you i have left with a smile.” (Jaimes 14)

A natural human instinct under threat and disrespect is to turn to resentment. Subsequently, a natural solution to defeating a grudge is bringing pain upon your abuser. This holds many back from making new progress following abuse. The notion that continuing to live on without your abusers is enough of a punishment, sequesters the need for vengeance, and is inspiring, relieving, and additionally, motivating. 

The second and third poems in the triad that address oppression in a creative and head-on fashion are “Tiger Stripes” and “gentrifying times (bleaching the brown).” The former bounces between Spanish and English, revealing a skin condition of the author’s, which he calls “Zihuatanejo white sand to eroded Guanajuato soil” (Jaimes 16). This poem builds a bridge between how this skin condition elevates the invalidity of Jaimes’s identity, and how it’s layered in American and Mexican politics. This is apparent in lines such as, “Born an imposter from birth: pocho or illegal either / neither / both” (Jaimes 16). The last line of “Tiger Stripes” is full of self empowerment. Jaimes writes, “This body is adorned with perfect imperfections” (16). This connected well with me. As a young brown girl, I was ashamed of my skin color for many years when living in a small predominantly white town in Vermont in my teenage years. 

The latter poem, “gentrifying times (bleaching the brown),” is a wonderful follow up to “Tiger Stripes.” Discussing gentrification, this poem brought me from away Mexico and to Harlem, New York City, where I spent my earlier years. The posh new owners of the barbershop in the Mexican neighborhood that Jaimes describes caused me to think of how my favorite locally run grocery store, The Wild Olive, closed when an over the top Whole Foods moved in down the street. Additionally, I was caused to reflect on how the white women that raised me, whom I love so much, are gentrifiers. And even though I’m a brown girl, I am still a product of them. Am I a gentrifyer too? 

Corazón Coalesced is brimming with cultural references from the Mexican immigrant experience, evoking nostalgic family lessons while confronting generational trauma, the nuances of skin color, and the realities of discrimination. This chapbook is great for teenagers looking to improve their poetry comprehension and analytical skills. Jaimes’s poetry is educational on what it means to grow up as a Mexican immigrant in a plethora of unreliable systems of power and distrust that are only becoming more common in our world today. The chapbook closes with the line “I know: / I will remain” (Jaimes 26). When Jaimes says he will remain, he makes it clear that these experiences have only spiked his resilience and power, rather than suppress it. 

Corazón Coalesced is available from Bottlecap Press


Sophie Canon is a senior comedic arts major at Emerson College. Sophie is the main character and audiobook narrator of the middle grade fiction called The Barking Puppy written by her godmother, Lori Lobenstine. She contributes her lived experiences, as well as her ear for youth dialogue and blend of human and dog humor. Sophie also uses sketch and standup comedy to promote the discussion of racism. 

Sundress Reads: Review of tether & lung

Sundress Reads black-and-white logo with a sheep sitting on a stool next to the words "Sundress Reads." The sheep is wearing glasses and holding a cup filled with a hot drink in one hoof and holding an open book in the other.
A square metal case is engraved with a horse and person on the side. A used cigarette stub is next to the case. The background it the corner of a couch with orange and cream colored designs. "tether & lung" is at the top with "poems" below that in smaller font. "Kimberly Ann Priest" is at the bottom left hand corner.

Kimberly Ann Priest’s fifth poetry collection tether & lung (Texas Review Press, 2025) is a fierce, dynamic, and deeply personal collection about grief, forgiveness, fury, and sexuality. tether & lung has an intensity that is at once severe, haunting, and tender. Priest’s work is often focused on gender-based trauma and domestic ecologies, and this collection is no departure from that. Divided into four sub-sections, “The Gelding,” “Her Hand,” “A Tether,” and “Of Lungs,” tether & lung indulges in what it means to be a sensual, yet brutal woman facing the aftermath of heartbreak—but not the kind you are thinking of. 

Lush with nature personification, tether & lung employs nature as a way to reckon with one’s own feelings. Horses, barns, as well as vivid imagery of the surrounding planes of rural Michigan invite readers into Priest’s home. Nature becomes an anchor that Priest uses to connect her own suffering with that of her husband’s. The natural world around Priest and her family, as well as a particular horse, “The Gelding,” become characters of their own in the collection, dictating the direction of Priest’s journey of healing. An additional foundation of the collection lies heavily in the ecodomestic setting surrounding Priest and her family. A narrative foundation underpins Tether and Lung, which tells the story of Priest’s husband emerging into his sexuality, disrupting her marriage. Her children are integrated into several poems, filling in a portrait of Priest’s very own domestic ecology, such as in “We Dance” and “On Needing Someone to Be a Little Like God.” Themes of grief, compassion, gender, sexuality, divorce, and motherhood ebb and flow throughout the collection. 

A striking echoing of 24th Poet Laureate Ada Limon’s work appears in tether & lung. While reading this sensual, melancholic collection, I couldn’t help but think of Limon’s own interest with horses (“How to Triumph Like a Girl) and tendency to dwell on the mundane features of nature in order to illustrate a larger pain. Much to my delight, Limon is mentioned in one of the poems, “Gomorrah”! Specifically Bright Dead Things (Mildweed Editions, 2015) is quoted: “There are dead things—bright dead things says the poet / Ada Limón—in my flower sink” (Priest 55). This allusion is sharp and well-done, and a similar evocative style leads Priest’s collection to affect readers in similar ways as Limon’s work.

While Limon lingers in the pages of tether & lung, Brenda Shaughnessy poem “Our Andromeda” comes to mind along the topics of pregnancy and motherhood in Priest’s poetry. Shaughnessy writes, “We will find our kind in Andromeda, / we will become our true selves. / I will be the mother who / never hurt you, and you will have your / childhood back in full blossom, / whole hog. Wherein Shaughnessy focuses on wanting a different path for her son, Priest writes about how her children are affected by their father. Her children’s relationship with their father is explored as well as her own challenges with parenting. This was, perhaps, the most surprising feature of tether & lung. Priest’s children embody a small space in the collection, one that is potent with the malleability of childhood, the importance of receiving support from an early age.

These poems are filled with kindness and a deep sense of introspection that will be sure to impress readers. Poems “The Good Wife,” “After My Husband Tells Me He is Gay, My Body Contemplates Suicide,” “Nest,” and “A Most Harmless Hour” are, in my opinion, the strongest poems in the collection, the poems that conveyed the most impressive sense of vulnerability, intimacy, and power through Priest’s voice. For readers who enjoy the combination of narrative driven stories and symbolic language and the natural world, tether & lung is sure to inspire. 

The poems within tether & lung spark a deeper conversation on gender and sexuality. Priest’s exploration of sexuality, and of her husband’s, is gentle and intimate. Even bold at times. She elaborates on the plasticity that surrounds her own relationship with her husband. In a particularly beautiful poem, “A Young Man is Beautiful,” Priest writes,

“Late,

I stood in our bedroom doorframe

enacting a private exploration of his features

like a schoolgirl seeing a young man is beautiful

for the first time. He was

Beautiful, stirring as I laid down beside him

and murmuring something against

the side of his face.” (59)

The courage of Priest’s own emotional journey is tested as poems like this depict the dialectical nature of forgiveness, or change. Priest is able to detest her husband, while also allowing space to grieve and love the man she once knew, and still does. 

Beyond anything else, though, this collection is brave. The forms undertaken in several poems, such as “Film Noir [with Car & Cigarette]”, are experimental and successful. The vulnerability required to tell the story the Priest shares with readers requires an astute sense of courage and perspective. These qualities are what makes tether & lung anything but ordinary. The collection speaks volumes on the emotional journey of healing, forgiving, and the refusal to resist loving the ones you hold close. It is brave, beautiful, and sure to affect readers looking for narrative-driven, imagery-dependent poetry.

tether & lung is available from Texas Review Press


Emma Goss is a senior English major with minors in Film and Linguistic Anthropology. A passionate reader, she prefers to always be juggling a poetry collection, a literary fiction novel, and an audiobook. Emma is especially drawn to poetry rooted in nature symbolism and metaphor. Some of her favorite collections include The Tradition by Jericho Brown, War of the Foxes by Richard Siken, What the Living Do by Marie Howe, and Jane: A Murder by Maggie Nelson. Her poetry has been published in Pangyrus Magazine and by the Princeton Leonard L. Milberg ’53 Poetry Contest. Originally from Los Angeles, she spends her time hiking local trails or browsing the poetry shelves at Barnes & Noble Studio City when not at Vassar.

Sundress Reads: Review of Mother Octopus

Sundress Reads black-and-white logo with a sheep sitting on a stool next to the words "Sundress Reads." The sheep is wearing glasses and holding a cup filled with a hot drink in one hoof and holding an open book in the other.
A close-up of octopus tentacles in a black background. "Mother Octopus" is at the top and "poems" is below that in smaller font. The author's name "Sarah Giragosian" is at the bottom of the cover.

Sarah Giragosian’s Mother Octopus (Middle Creek Publishing, 2024) is a moving poetry collection that explores themes of queer intimacy, consumption, environmental collapse, phonology, lineage, and motherhood.

The collection, winner of the 2023 Halcyon Poetry Prize, first embraces readers with a haibun, “Saltonstall Residency, Ithaca, NY Haibun.” This poem is abundant in intricate, compact imagery that creates and describes the world in Mother Octopus, a world riddled with loss and grief. The haiku portion acts as a focal point: “A mother’s vast tongue / licks her calf into being, / flush with a new idea” (Giragosian 7). Giragosian highlights the bond between mother and calf while intertwining the themes of nature and the creation/degradation of environmental health. This poem, along with Giragosian’s dedication to her late mother, lingered with me throughout the collection, reminding me how deeply rooted mothers are in our ways of thinking, even as we grow independent.

A poem that especially resonated with me during my read was “Diet and Feeding Behavior of the Hagfish, Practicing Witch of the Sea,” which focuses on a hagfish’s brutality. Initially, I assumed Giragosian was writing on queer intimacy, displaying how romanticism was lost in this act of love between “her” and “I” in the poem. The speaker describes how the hagfish has “—evolved to dine and dash—” (Giragosian 57). This metaphor serves as a way to compare sapphic love to the heartlessness the hagfish has upon its prey. However, there’s a self-reflection of grief underlying here; the hagfish may serve as the speaker’s grief, devouring them from the inside out. This can be seen in the first stanza, which reads:

I’ve heard it said that hagfish, with her love

of dying flesh, can enter wounded whales

and fish, and feast from inside out. Above

the ground, I’ve heard it said that this entails. (Giragosian 57)

This hagfish devours from the inside out, wounded or compromised creatures, similarly to how grief devours humans. From my own life, I’ve experienced how grief forces one to rest and be introspective. The line “Your calm will be your counterattack” (Giragosian 57) left me feeling introspective, as I recall moments of calm and near silence have been the best opponent to depression during grief. It’s safe to say this poem has many layers and in fact encapsulates this collection as a whole in some aspects.

Returning to the theme of sapphic romance, my mind immediately remembers “Gift of Ammonite.” This poem is formally playful, almost mimicking the tides rushing back to shore— an unbreakable and natural force. This connection contradicts some of the stigma in LGBTQ+ relationships, as some claim it to be unnatural. Giragosian’s form validates the relationship and the connection, emphasizing how the speaker’s love is a force that cannot be stopped. The poem utilizes enjambment at the end of lines and stanzas, allowing it to run smoothly. Beyond form, “Gift of Ammonite” explores a relationship between two (presumably female) lovers, their profound longing for one another, and the “eons” spent waiting for the right time. I found Giragosian’s ending especially soul-crushing: “Listen for ruptures in time signature. / Wait the way you waited for her love to arrive” (62). These lines are indefinite, as they end the poem with a period, rather than continuing the pattern of enjambment and flowing seamlessly into the next poem, demonstrating both the confidence in the relationship and one another, as well as the understanding that these lovers are content to wait as long as necessary to be together. This poem was overwhelmingly confident and analytical of their love, which was refreshing and uplifting. I found this tone was abundant in the collection, and when discussing sapphic love, it was extremely validating. The vulnerability queer folk experience in everyday life is obvious, but sometimes the victories aren’t as vocalized. Mother Octopus balances both, making for an insightful read that forced me to reflect on relationships and hardships I’ve experienced at the hands of some who might not be understanding.

“Promenade à Deux” reminds me of growing up in a place where queer people are misrepresented and misunderstood. Being a dancer, I knew this poem would discuss a partnership, dance, or walk. Learning about the scorpion’s courtship while comparing interactions the speaker’s experienced with men was amazingly insightful and intricate. Growing up in rural North Carolina, I have heard—and experienced firsthand—the pressure, microaggressions, and hatred from people in a town I was to call “home.” Giragosian writes so visually, with the alliteration and personification guiding me through the piece; I could truly feel this poem and all it had to offer.

Mother Octopus was intriguing, compelling, and captivating. Giragosian created worlds within each poem that transformed my thoughts on personal experiences. With themes of grief, queer love, femininity, and environmental collapse, I truly believe there’s something for everyone in this collection. As I look back on my reads of this collection, I’m inspired to play with form and personification to propel my writing and branch out in how my writing looks and reads. Giragosian and the collection are a testament to resilience, using poetry as the vessel to express these experiences.

Mother Octopus is available from Middle Creek Publishing


Caroline Eliza is a poet and writer from Asheville, North Carolina, currently completing her degree in Writing, Literature, and Publishing at Emerson College with minors in Pre-Law and Poetry. Her creative and academic work explores the intersection of poetry and movement, often blurring the lines between the written word and physical expression. Beyond the page, Caroline finds joy in crocheting and dancing, grounding her artistic life in tactile practices and performance. She will graduate in December 2025 and plans to further her education and continue exploring the connections between art, advocacy, and embodiment.

Sundress Reads: Review of The Years of Blood

Sundress Reads black-and-white logo with a sheep sitting on a stool next to the words "Sundress Reads." The sheep is wearing glasses and holding a cup filled with a hot drink in one hoof and holding an open book in the other.
A white cloth seemingly covering a person is in the middle of the cover. It is reflected at the bottom. The background is a light tan color. "the years of blood" is at the top of the cover with "poems" in smaller font below that. The author's name "Adédayọ̀ Agarau" is at the bottom left hand corner of the cover.

In The Years of Blood (Fordham University Press, 2025), Adédayọ̀ Agarau boldly walks us through a landscape of grief, pointing us to anguish, yes, but also to beauty. This multilingual and reflective poetry collection is full of hauntings—images of death and dreams of family members finding safety. The speaker here is never alone, which can sometimes feel nightmarish and other times act as a reminder to hold onto hope. Agarau honors Nigeria with every poem, both bearing witness to reality and conjuring a future desired by every person who calls this place home.

While scenes of brutality saturate many pages within The Years of Blood, Agarau writes with humanity. The collection starts with “Wind,” a prose-block poem from the perspective of a speaker with anxiety. Agarau writes,

“…It could be my ghost finding

the touch of its mother in a house where the doors

are shutting against the portals of grief. I could be coming

through the window as wind. I could be filling the

room with cold. I could be whispering I am here and my

mother is not hearing.” (1)

This imagining comes after the speaker lists other possibilities of what could be—all depictions of violence enacted on close family members. The speaker here so strongly wants, needs, to feel connected to his loved ones, even as a ghost. He dreams himself as the wind—perpetual and permeating all spaces, especially home.

Agarau’s unbreakable bond to where he is from elevates The Years of Blood apart from other collections, all the while remaining intimate and sacred. “Boys who never die” is a list-like ode poem to the three-dimensionality of men and boys in Ìbàdàn that I found especially moving. Not only is there an entire stanza naming over twenty boys, but Agarau shows us their hearts, their minds, and their souls. He describes “Boys who dance / around plastic chairs,” “Boys who gaze at the moon,” and “Boys who call me friend” (25). Even as we readers are introduced to “Boys who carry scars their fathers give them” we also meet “Boys the hope of a chameleon— / always changing, always changing” (Agarau 26-27). There is multiplicity in this community, full of good, trouble, beauty, and pain. I can feel Agarau’s love so strongly, even when the poetry is written “in a language wet with loss” (15). There are few better ways to honor your home more than to write about it, with full honesty.

Religion is also a prevalent theme throughout these pages, with many poems to or about God/gods. In “It begins with gratitude & ends in rage,” Agarau expresses thankfulness, “I am grateful that I have been given this day, dear Lord” (49). While addressing God here, for most of the poem, the speaker contemplates his lineage, particularly his relationship to his father. Slowly moving towards the rage indicated in the title, the speaker can’t help but compare his (birth) father to his (religious) Father. He asks,

“what do I know of the blood

that flows through me? What do I know of this name,

Adédayọ̀…? My

Lord, my shepherd is sleeping

without his flock of children as

the bird drops into sea.” (Agarau 50)

Lord, shepherd, father, king…God is depicted and realized in many forms. As this poem sits around the middle of the collection, I take particular note of Agarau’s questioning of his own name, which is listed in the book’s Index as “A Yorùbá name given to sons of royal descent…[meaning] ‘The crown has morphed into joy’” (89). This existential self-reflection is not only striking but is also deeply connected to Agarau’s spirituality. Just over ten pages prior, “Fine boy writes a poem about anxiety” ends with another arresting mention of God that also reflects the connection between family, faith, self, and safety. Agarau writes, “your god is everything / that lets you come inside. / mother, lover” (38). While this time referencing mother instead of father, the speaker is noting how our lineage, parents, and ancestors are our safety and home.

Tenderness book-ends the collection. In the last poem, “Litany in which my father returns safely at night,” there is no direct mention of the wind from the opening poem, but many instances of sound that draw our attention to the air: “a small decibel of music escaping someone’s window” and “a dog barks” (Agarau 86). What the speaker hears directly from people, however, is what Agarau uses to guide us towards his gentle wish:

“we hear mourners as they spread their mouths like wings, something broken like a twig

            in their throats. My mother, gathering my brother’s hair in her hand, says, oluwa lo

mo omo to n tun ti jigbe bayi o—abi ta lo ku? ta lo run? a tie mo mog an bayi.

            My father saunters in, high as sky. He is home. Alive.” (Agarau 86)

Like a skilled cinematographer, Agarau holds his hands up, making a camera with his thumbs and index fingers. Slowly, he narrows us readers into the heart of the poem, his father, the addressee of this litany, this prayer. At the last line, of both “Litany” and the entire collection—“We all go to sleep”—I found myself dropping my shoulders in relief. Agarau writes so beautifully, offering this gift to himself and his community.

Simultaneously recounting terrible horrors and blessing loved ones, Agarau trusts his memory to guide readers through a variety of poetic forms and storytelling techniques. He is an honest but kind navigator, one that is unafraid to bear witness and invested in a better future for himself, for Black boys, and for all. The Years of Blood is a must read amidst today’s world’s violence at home and abroad, both as a wake up call and a source of hope.

The Years of Blood is available for pre-order from Fordham University Press


Livia Meneghin (she/her) is the author of feathering and Honey in My Hair. She is currently the Assistant Chapbook Editor and Reads Editor at Sundress Publications, and has been awarded recognition from The Academy of American Poets, Breakwater Review, The Room Magazine, the Writers’ Room of Boston, the City of Boston, and elsewhere. Her writing has found homes in Colorado Review, CV2, Gasher, The Journal, Osmosis, and Thrush, among others. Since earning her MFA in Poetry, she teaches writing and literature at the collegiate level. She is a cancer survivor.